What is the impact of climate change on hurricanes

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https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/29/climate/climate-change-hurricanes.html

By Veronica Penney, The New York Times. 

Excerpt: Researchers are unsure about whether human-caused climate change will mean longer or more active hurricane seasons in the future, but there is broad agreement on one thing: Global warming is changing storms. Scientists say that unusually warm Atlantic surface temperatures have helped to increase storm activity. ...Here are some of those ways. 1. Higher winds. There’s a solid scientific consensus that hurricanes are becoming more powerful. 2. More rain. Warming also increases the amount of water vapor that the atmosphere can hold. In fact, every degree Celsius of warming allows the air to hold about 7 percent more water. That means we can expect future storms to unleash more rain. 3. Slower storms. Researchers do not yet know why storms are moving more slowly, but they are. Some say a slowdown in global atmospheric circulation, or global winds, could be partly to blame. Slower, wetter storms also worsen flooding.... 4. Wider-ranging storms. Because warmer water helps fuel hurricanes, climate change is enlarging the zone where hurricanes can form. There is a “migration of tropical cyclones out of the tropics and toward subtropics and middle latitudes,” Dr. Kossin said. That could mean more storms making landfall in higher latitudes, like in the United States and Japan. 5. More volatility. As the climate warms, researchers also expect storms to intensify more rapidly, they say. ...In a 2017 paper based on climate and hurricane models, Dr. Emanuel wrote that storms that intensify rapidly — the ones whose wind speed increases by 70 miles per hour or more in the 24 hours before landfall — were rarefrom 1976 through 2005 ...about once per century. By the end of the 21st century, he found, those storms might form once every five or 10 years. “It’s a forecaster’s nightmare,” Dr. Emanuel said. If a tropical storm or Category 1 hurricane develops into a Category 4 hurricane overnight, he said, “there’s no time to evacuate people.”.… 

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