By Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen   et al, Science.  Excerpt: To resolve temperature and salinity changes in remote East Greenland coastal waters, including deep glacier-front basins, we equipped narwhals ( Monodon monoceros ) with conductivity-temperature-depth archival instruments. These data, combined with the World Ocean Database, reveal long-term warming of Atlantic Intermediate Water (AIW) penetrating East Greenland’s coastal system. ...Elevated summer iceberg discharge coincides with higher temperatures and salinities below 200 meters, indicating an intensified AIW influence. These observations show that warming AIW delivers heat directly to glacier fronts, promoting submarine melt and accelerating glacier mass loss....  Full article at https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adr1424 . 

By Hannah Richter , Science.  Excerpt: Global cooperation revealed a landslide, not a glacial collapse, likely initiated the cascade of events. ...hundreds of scientists around the globe...working tirelessly to piece together the sequence of events that led to the massive flood, which has killed nearly 600 people, left nearly 2000 missing, and destroyed numerous towns and hydropower plants along the Nepal-Tibet border. ...imagery soon led to reports that the explanation was a glacial collapse. ...The mystery could only be fully resolved with cloud-free satellite imagery. And by Wednesday evening, it arrived, both from a satellite operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation and Landsat-9, a joint NASA-USGS satellite. Now, the underlying mountain was visible—and it revealed a huge rock landslide had indeed occurred. “The glacier just came along for the ride,”....  Full article at https://www.science.org/content/article/how-scientists-unraveled-cause-devastating-flood-tibe...

By Maxine Joselow and Leo Sands , The New York Times.  Excerpt: Climate change is heating up the Himalayas and supercharging the risk of disasters like the deadly flash flooding in Nepal and Tibet, though scientists are still determining the exact cause of this week’s catastrophe. A group of glaciologists and geologists said on Thursday that the flooding was probably unleashed after an enormous chunk of bedrock collapsed underneath a glacier, triggering a landslide high in the mountains. At the same time, a chunk of ice snapped off the glacier itself and cascaded thousands of feet to the valley below, the scientists said. As humans warm the planet by burning fossil fuels, the Himalayas are losing their permafrost, a mixture of soil, rocks and organic matter that has remained frozen for thousands of years. The thawing permafrost is destabilizing the foundation underneath glaciers, raising the risks of precisely these kinds of landslides and glacial collapses....  Full article...

By Emily Gardner , Eos/AGU.  Excerpt: The equatorial glaciers atop Puncak Jaya, Oceania’s tallest peak, have shrunk by about 95% since 2002, according to a new photogrammetry mapping effort. ... Past research has suggested that in 1850, about 18.8 square kilometers of Puncak Jaya were covered by glaciers. By 2002, that area had shrunk by 88.6%, to 2.14 square kilometers....  Full article at https://eos.org/articles/the-eternity-glaciers-are-almost-gone . 

By Raymond Zhong and Mira Rojanasakul , The New York Times.  Excerpt: The snowfall from last winter disappeared a month sooner than usual, after two early hot spells. Huge volumes of exposed ice are now starting to vanish....  Full article at https://www.nytimes.com/2026/07/02/climate/europe-heat-waves-melting-glaciers.html . 

By Dan H. Shugar , et al, Science.  Abstract: Early in the morning of 10 August 2025, a >64 × 10 6  m 3  landslide struck Tracy Arm fjord in Alaska. The landslide was preconditioned by glacial retreat caused by climate change. The resulting 481 m runup megatsunami followed an initial 100-m-high breaking wave traveling >70 m s −1 . The landslide was preceded by several days of microseismicity, which increased in rate and magnitude until ~1 hour before failure. The landslide produced globally observed long-period seismic waves equivalent in size to a M5.4 earthquake. A long-period (~66 s) global seismic signal, produced by a landslide-induced seiche trapped within the fjord, persisted for up to 36 hours, the second time a days-long seiche has been thus observed. With fjord regions increasingly visited by cruise ships, and climate change making similar events more likely, this unanticipated, near-miss event highlights the growing risk from landslides and tsun...

By Emily Gardner , Eos/AGU.  Excerpt: In 2019, researchers collected a 9.5-meter ice core from Austria’s Weißseespitze ice cap, which covers the top sections of Gepatschferner Glacier in the eastern Alps, near the Austrian-Italian border. They analyzed 18 trace elements and organic acids in the core to paint a picture of Earth’s climate and atmosphere over more than a thousand years. But Weißseespitze Glacier is melting quickly: As of 2025, the ice was only 5.5 meters thick in the area where scientists collected the core. “When this glacier disappears, we don’t lose only the ice: We’ll lose irreplaceable knowledge about the Earth’s climate history and how it has evolved and how human activity has influenced it,” said  Azzurra Spagnesi , a paleoclimatologist at Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia and lead author of the new research  published  in  Frontiers in Earth Science ....  Full article at https://eos.org/articles/earths-climate-records-are-melting . 

By Evan Howell , Science.  Excerpt: Seas will rise this century—but not uniformly.... In the very places where glaciers are melting and shrinking, the land beneath will rebound as the burden eases, meaning seas may fall even as the meltwater causes them to rise elsewhere. A new study shows that in Greenland—whose rapidly melting ice sheet accounts for about one-fifth of current sea level rise—this paradox will mean expanding coastlines, dried-up fjords, and future complications. Published today in  Nature Communications , the research  shows portions of Greenland’s coast will rebound far more sharply than expected , causing seas to fall by anywhere from 1 to nearly 4 meters by 2100. Western and southern Greenland...will likely bear the brunt of the retreat, posing major problems for shipping and food security. ...Changes in the mass of Greenland’s enormous ice sheet, which is roughly three times the size of Texas and in some places more than 3 kilometers thick, ...

By Hannah Richter , Science.  Excerpt: In 2022, something shocking happened to the Hektoria Glacier, a small river of ice that slips into the sea near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. Over 16 months, it retreated by 25 kilometers, and it lost a whopping 8 kilometers in just two of those months—the fastest glacial retreat in the modern record. Now, after  a forensic analysis of the event reported today in  Nature Geoscience , researchers say they have identified the worrisome mechanisms behind it: a combination of glacial earthquakes and a swath of thinned ice popping afloat and breaking apart in a geological instant. If the same processes were to occur at larger Antarctic glaciers, they could rapidly accelerate the retreat of ice sheets and raise global sea levels, says Jeremy Bassis, a glaciologist at the University of Michigan. The study is “telling us that those worst-case scenarios are maybe not as implausible as some people might have thought.” ...[Jeremy] Bassis ...

By Michael Le Page , New Scientist. Excerpt: During the summer of 2024, six weeks of record-smashing heat led to a record-obliterating amount of ice melting on the islands of Svalbard in the Arctic. By the end of the summer, 1 per cent of all the land ice on the archipelago had been lost – enough to raise the global average sea level by 0.16 millimetres. “It was very shocking,” says  Thomas Schuler  at the University of Oslo in Norway. “It was not just a marginal record. The melt was almost twice as high as in the previous record.”.... F ull article at https://www.newscientist.com/article/2492842-unprecedented-arctic-heatwave-melted-1-per-cent-of-svalbards-ice/ . See also Washington Post article, A glacial flood was the biggest on record. But Juneau’s makeshift dirt wall held and Eos/AGU article   Glacial Lake Outburst Causes Record River Crest in Juneau .

By Bob Berwyn , Inside Climate News.  Excerpt: Add to the long list of global warming concerns that melting ice caps could trigger more volcanic eruptions. Worse, researchers said Monday at a scientific conference in Prague, the increasing volcanic activity holds the potential for a range of long-term climate feedbacks, as some volcanoes in Antarctica could accelerate ice melt from below while others could be so explosive that they send climate-altering material into the upper layers of the atmosphere. The research funded by the National Science Foundation studied the chemistry of rocks at six volcanoes in the Chilean Andes, where the scientists were able to detail changes in the magma below the ice or underground over the millennia of the most recent ice age, and to document how volcanic activity increased when the ice melted. University of Wisconsin–Madison geoscientist  Brad Singer , who led the research, said there are clear signs that thick ice caps act as lids on vo...

 By Paul Voosen , Science.  Excerpt: Climate change is worsening many natural hazards, including droughts, heat waves, and storm surges. Now, a new one has joined the list: earthquakes. Researchers have found that as global warming accelerates melting of mountaintop glaciers, the meltwater, percolating underground, increases the risk of damaging earthquakes. The evidence comes from beneath Grandes Jorasses, a glacier-clad peak in the Alps that is part of the Mont Blanc massif, home to Western Europe’s tallest mountains. Precise seismic records show a heat wave in 2015 kicked off a surge of small earthquakes under the mountain. Although the tremors themselves were not damaging, the chances of large earthquakes are known to rise with the frequency of small ones. “It increases the hazard dramatically,” says Toni Kraft, a seismologist at ETH Zürich and co-author of the  new study , published this month in  Earth and Planetary Science Letters ....  Full article at ht...

By Veronika Meduna , Eos/AGU.  Excerpt: ...New Zealand glaciologists...surveys, which have been running since 1977, show that summer melt now far exceeds winter snowfall and “we’re seeing the glaciers’ terminus and sides, the whole body, diminishing.” New Zealand has lost more than a third of its glacial ice and the archipelago ranks third globally—after central Europe and the Caucasus—in the proportion of ice lost to rising temperatures, according to  findings  published in  Nature  by the first comprehensive global Glacier Mass Balance Intercomparison Exercise ( GlaMBIE ). ...the GlaMBIE team produced a time series of global glacial mass change between 2000 and 2023, showing that collectively, the world’s glaciers lost 5% of their total volume. “This may not seem much,” said  Michael Zemp , GlaMBIE project leader and director of the World Glacier Monitoring Service at the University of Zürich. But it means an annual global loss of 273 billion tonnes (301 ...

By Emily Dieckman , Eos/AGU.  Excerpt: analyzed data confirmed that Mount Speke, the second-highest peak in the range, no longer hosts a glacier (only static ice) and that Mount Baker, the third highest, is practically ice free. The researchers found that the surface area of the Stanley Plateau glacier fell by 29.5% between 2020 and 2024. “Glaciers worldwide are shrinking or disappearing, so that’s not a surprise,” Thymann said. “I think what is surprising is how rapid it’s going.”. ...The ice on the mountain range is the highest source of water for the River Nile and holds water that millions of Ugandans rely upon....  Full article at https://eos.org/articles/a-new-3d-map-shows-precipitous-decline-of-ugandan-glaciers . 

By Thomas R. Chudley et al, Nature Geoscience.  Summary: The Greenland Ice Sheet, which measures more than 3 kilometers at its thickest point and covers an area three times the size of Texas, is the world’s second largest body of ice. If all of it were to melt, the world’s oceans would rise a whopping seven meters. And while such a complete meltdown would likely take thousands of years, Greenland—already one of the largest contributors to sea level rise—is poised to add up to 30 centimeters by 2100. Now, new research published in  Nature Geoscience  has revealed that  this enormous mass of ice is breaking apart faster than expected ....  Full article at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-024-01636-6 . 

By Athar Parvaiz , Science.  Excerpt: Climate-driven melting of snow and ice continues to swell many lakes in the Himalayas, increasing the risk of catastrophic flooding in downstream communities, new data show. Researchers examining 902 lakes across the snowy, mountainous region found that more than half have increased in area since 2011, some by more than 40%. Overall, the area covered by the lakes grew by 11% over the same period,  India’s Central Water Commission reports . The findings highlight the need for “vigorous monitoring” of rapidly changing glacial lakes and water bodies, the researchers write. The lakes are often held in place by unstable ice dams and gravel bars that can fail with little warning, unleashing deadly torrents. Such “outburst floods” have killed thousands of people across the Himalayas over the past decade, and a warming climate has only  increased the risks ....  Full article at https://www.science.org/content/article/himalayas-expan...

By Mitra Taj , The New York Times.  Excerpt: As the glaciers of South America retreat, the supply of freshwater is dwindling and its quality is getting worse. Dionisia Moreno, a 70-year-old Indigenous farmer, still remembers when Shallap River, nearly 13,000 feet up in the Cordillera Blanca, brought crystal clear water brimming with trout to her village, Jancu. “People and animals alike could drink the water without suffering,” she said. “Now the water is red. No one can drink it.”....  Full article at https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/19/science/peru-glaciers-water-pollution.html . 

By Evrim Yazgin, COSMOS.  Excerpt: More than 700 million years ago, the entire globe was covered in ice in a period called “Snowball Earth”. At least, that’s what scientists think. Now geologists believe they’ve found the best evidence that the “Snowball Earth” was really a global event. For  reasons which remain unclear , a runaway chain of events caused a massive shift in Earth’s climate about 720 million years ago. Global temperatures plunged and ice sheets kilometres thick are believed to have covered the planet from the poles to the equator. Called the  Sturtian glaciation , Snowball Earth lasted about 60 million years. This was quickly followed by another global ice age called the  Marinoan glaciation . Together, these big freezes made up the geological period called the Cryogenian (720–635 million years ago). ...A new study published in the  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  presents new evidence that these massive glaciers covered the...

By Bhadra Sharma , The New York Times.  Excerpt: At least 104 people have died in Nepal, the authorities said, after three days of incessant monsoon rains unleashed flooding and landslides across the small Himalayan nation, which has been increasingly pummeled by the effects of climate change. ...Nepal, with a population of about 30 million, is the fourth-most-vulnerable country to climate change, according to UNICEF. In recent years, the frequency of disasters — including the bursting of glacial lakes as temperatures rise — has increased, claiming more lives....  Full article at https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/28/world/asia/nepal-floods.html .

By Paul Voosen , Science.  Excerpt: Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier isn’t called the Doomsday Glacier for nothing. Were the Florida-size ice sheet to melt away, it could raise global sea levels by 65 centimeters. And because it is a keystone that holds back other ice sheets from flowing into the ocean, its disappearance could unlock a total of more than 3 meters of global sea level rise. In 2018, U.S. and U.K. funders created the 100-person International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration (ITGC) to probe the ice—and its future.... ...one conclusion is that some of the worst-case scenarios—such as the runaway collapse of the iceberg-calving front of the glacier, which juts into the ocean as an ice shelf—are unlikely this century, says Robert Larter, a BAS marine geophysicist and co-lead of the project. That worry, he says, “is not the huge monster it might have been 10 years ago.” ...preliminary results from one of ITGC’s modeling groups suggest that in coming decades Thwaites will steadi...